Book Hotels in Despotiko
Population: Unkown
Latitude: 20.564844
Longitude: 39.738525
Source: WikiPedia
Keywords: HTTP/1.0 200 OK
Date: Fri, 04 May 2012 10:53:40 GMT
Server: Apache
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
Cache-Control: private, s-maxage=0, max-age=0, must-revalidate
Content-Language: en
Vary: Accept-Encoding, Cookie
Last-Modified: Fri, 04 May 2012 09:
Description:
Despotikó (Greek: Δεσποτικό) is a small, uninhabited Greek island in the Cyclades. It is situated west of the island Antiparos, and east of the smaller island Strongyli.
The small and dry island is located about 700 m southwest from the shores of Antiparos. Despotiko is situated almost exactly in the center of the Cyclades and during clear days it offers spectacular views towards the surrounding islands of Antiparos, Syros, Serifos, Sifnos, Kimolos, Folegandros, Sikinos and Ios (in anticlockwise sense). Administratively, the island is part of the community of Antiparos. In our days, the island can be reached only by boats starting from the island of Antiparos. Boats leave either from the main village of Antiparos or from Agios Georgios (southwest Antiparos), just opposite of Despotiko. Usually, the final destination for them, lies on the southern part of the island, where a large sandy beach is located.
However, the strait separating Despotiko from Antiparos has only a minimum depth of about 1 m, with the intervening islet of Koimitiri. This extreme shallowness of the strait suggests the possibility of a link between Antiparos and Despotiko in former times. Indicators of previous sea-levels include archaeological remains on the sea-floor of Despotiko Bay like Early Bronze Age cist graves off Koimitiri down to 3 m water depths, additionally walls a well-head and an oven of unknown age at 3 m water depth off-shore from Agios Georgios on Antiparos . Numerous parallel trenches occur west of Panagia chapel on Despotiko, which have not been excavated or dated so far, but can be compared with the almost identical, partly submerged, probably Hellenistic viticulture trenches from northeast Antiparos. These submerged archaeological structures, together with a Classical marble inscription from the sanctuary on Despotiko reading ΕΣΤΙΑΣ ΙΣΘΜΙΑΣ, (Hestias Isthmias, which essentially means “for Hestia of the Isthmus”), suggest that the relative sea-level in this area was at least 3 m lower during the Early Bronze Age and still more than 1 m lower during Hellenistic time. This implies that an isthmus may have linked Despotiko, Koimitiri and Antiparos at least until Hellenistic time.
Although presently uninhabited, there are significant indications that in prehistoric and ancient times the island - due to its central position among the Cyclades and the large Despotiko Bay (between the island and Antiparos) providing safe anchorage - played an important role in maritime communication routes. Currently, excavations are taking place in the northwest part of the island and so far the findings are of great importance. The excavations proved the existence of an important late Archaic sanctuary with abundant objects indicating links to mainland Greece, the Eastern Mediterranean and even to Northern Africa, as well as the continued use of this area in Classical, Hellenistic, Roman and Frankish periods. Some of the nicest artifacts from the recent excavations are exhibited in the archaeological museum in Parikia, tha capital of the nearby island of Paros, along with other important antiquities from the region. Some glimpses of the early modern and modern history of Despotiko might be reconstructed from historic topographic maps and descriptions of travellers from that period.
Due to low and not permanent human presence as well as moderate pasture pressure, some natural habitat types, typical of the central Cyclades, are very well preserved. Therefore Despotiko, Strongyli and the southernmost part of Antiparos as well as surrounding marine areas have been selected for a NATURA 2000 habitat, which is part of an ecological network of protected areas in the European Union. Large areas are covered by phrygana and a garrigue. The seal Monachus monachus is a permanent resident of the shallow marine area. On the sea floor Posidonia seagrass meadows provide habitat for a diverse fauna and flora.
First comments about the geology of Despotiko originate from Fiedler in 1841, but it took until 1963 that the first geological map has been published. Tectonically, Despotiko, Antiparos and Paros, belong to the Attic-Cycladic Crystalline of the Central Hellenides, a stack of metamorphic tectonic nappes, mainly comprising variable types of gneiss, schist, marble and amphibolite, and tectonic slices of unmetamorphosed sediments on top, separated by low-angle normal faults from the metamorphic units below.
Despotiko is dominated by metamorphic rocks with foliation surfaces dipping quite uniformly towards the southwest at shallow angles. The structurally lowest parts in the north and northeast of the island consist of grey, strongly foliated, mylonitic ortho-gneiss with abundant cross-cutting pegmatite dikes that become more and more deformed and rotated parallel to the foliation towards the hanging wall. The ortho-gneiss is followed by up to several meters thick, prominent white, strongly foliated, mylonitic gneiss. Higher up are medium-grained, white calcite marble, followed by greenish-white gneiss and an alternation of chlorite epidote schist and thin marble layers, on top of which are found chlorite epidote gneiss and retrogressed amphibolite as well as some small serpentinite lenses. The structurally highest parts in the south and southwest of the island comprise thick white to yellowish, fine grained dolomite marble with thin layers of dark grey, carbonaceous calcite marble.
This metamorphic succession is penetrated by six early Pliocene, rhyolitic volcanic pipes, with rare occurrences of small obsidian. These volcanic pipes are genetically associated with the rhyolitic, pyroclastic rocks that cover the whole southern part of Antiparos. Patches of yellowish, porous sandstone, dominated by well rounded, well sorted fragments of marine organism and minor siliciclastic components is found in many places on top of the metamorphic rocks.
|
|
|
